… medium rare earths, including samarium. The United States had … started using samarium in the 1970s to … the largest North American rare-earth companies. Chinese engineers figured … allowed China's rare-earth refineries to undercut competitors in …

… most popular rare earth magnets are neodymium-iron-boron and samarium-cobalt. For … , they are called rare earth elements. “The use of rare earth magnets is not … , China introduced export controls on rare earth materials, requiring end-use certification …

… contains about eight different rare earth materials. These elements … (from lanthanum to samarium) and Heavy Rare Earths … contains about eight different rare earth materials. These elements … global position, particularly for rare earth elements. This dominance …

… requires specific combinations of light rare earth elements including neodymium and … ), IREL has begun developing samarium-cobalt magnets for defence sector … sought independence. Achieving a competitive rare earth magnet sector requires persistent exploration …

… Rare earth elements are 17 chemically very similar elements, including neodymium, dysprosium, samarium … similarity, separating and purifying rare earth elements involves complex and … the majority of global rare earth processing capacity. Political tensions …

… medium rare earths, like samarium for the magnets in … April halted exports of samarium to any country and … of dollars. "Excessive rare earth mining has resulted in … have increasingly censored discussions of rare earth industry pollution. State media …

… that China end restrictions on rare earth mineral exports, which Europe warned … rare minerals and magnets — including samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, lutetium, scandium …

… world’s dominant supplier of rare earth elements crucial for EV production … of these critical materials, including samarium, gadolinium, terbium and dysprosium. While … China on the export of rare earth materials vital for EV battery …

… that China end restrictions on rare earth mineral exports, which Europe warned … rare minerals and magnets — including samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, lutetium, scandium …

… Critical minerals, which include rare earth elements (REEs), are an … exports of seven heavy rare earth metals including samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium … , lutetium, scandium, and yttrium, as well as rare earth …